Wikipedia

Urang Cino Han

(Dialiahkan dari Urang Han)

Urang Cino Han,[34][35][36] Hanzu,[37][38][39] atau urang Han,[40][41][42][43] (UK /hæn/;[44] US /haːn/;[45] (Cino)[46] or (Cino)),[47][48] adolah suatu kalompok etnis jo bangso Asia Timua nan marupoan panduduak asali Cino.[49][50][51][52][53] Kalompok etnis iko adalah nan tagadang di dunia, mancapai labiah kurang 18% dari populasi dunia.[54][55] Dipakiroan kini lai ado 1,3 milyar urang Cino Han, nan sabagian gadang tingga di Cino Daratan (kiro-kiro 91,6% dari populasinyo).[2] Di Taiwan, urang Cino Han mambantuak 95% dari populasinyo.[56][57] Urang bakaturunan Cino Han mancapai sakita 75% dari total populasi Singapura.[58]

Urang Cino Han
汉族/漢族
汉人/漢人
Total populasi
Labiah kurang 1,3 milyar[1]
Kawasan jo populasi nan signifikan
 Cino daratan 1.268.375.111[2]
Bendera Makau Makau 663.400[3]
Bendera Hong Kong Hong Kong 6.723.786[4]
Bendera Republik Cina Taiwan 23.575.365[rujuakan?]
Cino parantauan (dek katurunan)
 Thailand9.392.987[5]
 Malaysia6.650.009[6]
 Amerika Sarikat3.795.007[7]
 Indonesia2.833.134[8]
 Singapura2.547.000[9]
 Myanmar1.638.000[10]
 Kanada1.469.000[11]
 Filipina1.350.000[12][paralu sumber labiah rancak]
 Australia1.214.000[13]
 Rusia998.000[14]
 Vietnam823.000[15]
 Japang731.000[16]
 Parancih700.000[14]
 Venezuela450.000[17]
 Imperium Baritania Rayo433.000[18]
 Peru375.954[19]
 Afrika Salatan350.000[20]
 Itali334.000[21]
 Jerman212.000[22]
 Korea Salatan210.000[23][24]
 Kamboja210.000[25]
 Laos186.000[14]
 Spanyol172.000[26]
 Selandia Baru171.000[27]
 Brasil152.000[14]
 Balando145.000[14]
 Panama135.000[28][29]
 Meksiko70.000[30]
 Kosta Rika19.000[31]
 Republik Irlandia11.000[32]
Bahaso
Cino
Agamo
Sabagian gadang indak baragamo, Mahayana, kapicayoan tradisional Cino (tamasuak Taoisme, panyambahan laluhua, Konghucu, jo lain-lain), sarato minoritas mamaluak Kristen jo agamo-agamo lain.[33]
Kalompok etnis takaik
Urang Sino-Tibetan
Catatan kaki
Babarapo sumber marujuak urang Cino Han lansuang sabagai "Cino" atau mangalompokannyo jo urang-urang Sino-Tibetan.

Urang Cino Han mangaku baso asa niniak muyangnyo iolah dari Huaxia, suatu pasakutuan kalompok suku-suku patani nan iduik manatap di pasisia Sungai Kuniang (Huang He).[59][60] Istilah Huaxia bapakai untuak manggambaan pasakutuan suku-suku patani Hua jo Xia pado maso Neolitikum nan manatap di Dataran Tangah, yaitu sakita bagian tangah jo ilia dari aliaran Sungai Kuniang di utara Cino.[61][62][63][60] Kaduo suku itulah nan diakui sabagai niniak muyang dari urang Cino Han moderen nan kudian maasiakan kabudayaan Cino. Salain itu, istilah Huaxia (arati harafiah: "urang Xia nan beradab") bapakai sacaro kusuih untuak manyabuik kalompok-kalompok etnis nan dianggap beradab, untuak mambedoan jo kalompok-kalompok lain nan dianggap urang barbar nan bamukim di sakitanyo.[64][62][65]

Dinasti Han dianggap sabagai salah satu era gadang partamo dalam sajarah Cino, dek karano manjadian Cino sabagai kakuatan regional utamo di Asia Timur jo banyak mampangaruahi nagara-nagara tatanggonyo, bahkan sampai manyaingi Kakaisaran Romawi dalam ukuaran populasi jo laweh geografisnyo.[66][67][68] Gensi jo kaunggualan Dinasti Han mampangaruahi banyak kalompok Huaxia kuno untuak muloi manyabuik dirinyo surang sabagai "Urang Han".[64][69][70][71][72] Urang-urang Cino Han sajak itu manjadian namo dinasti iko sabagai namo etnisnyo, sarato uruf nan inyo pakai dinamoan juo "uruf Han".[66][73][71]

Rujuakan

suntiang
  1. ↑ Minahan, James B. (2014). Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 89–95. ISBN 978-1-61069-018-8. https://books.google.com/?id=oZCOAwAAQBAJ. 
  2. ↑ a b CIA Factbook Archived 2016-10-11 di Wayback Machine.: "Han Chinese 91.6%" out of a reported population of 1,384,688,986 billion (July 2018 est.)
  3. ↑ 2018 Demographics
  4. ↑ Place of birth Archived 2019-11-12 di Wayback Machine. 2016 Hong Kong census
  5. ↑ Barbara A. Peru (2009), Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania, Facts on File, p. 794, ISBN 1-4381-1913-5.
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  7. ↑ "Race Reporting for the Asian Population by Selected Categories: 2010 more information". United States Census Bureau. Diakses tanggal 19 January 2014. 
  8. ↑ Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama dan Bahasa Sehari-hari Penduduk Indonesia Hasil Sensus Penduduk, 2010. Badan Pusat Statistik. 18 Desember 2011. ISBN 978-979-064-417-5. http://sp2010.bps.go.id/files/ebook/kewarganegaraan%20penduduk%20indonesia/index.html. 
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  10. ↑ "The World Factbook". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 6 October 2010. Diakses tanggal 17 February 2016. 
  11. ↑ Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada. "Population by Ethnic Origin by Province". Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 March 2016. Diakses tanggal 17 February 2016. 
  12. ↑ Senate of the Philippines (January 21, 2013). Senate declares Chinese New Year as special working holiday. Siaran pers. Diakses pado 2016-07-29.
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  14. ↑ a b c d e "The Ranking of Ethnic Chinese Population". Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission, R.O.C. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 4 January 2011. Diakses tanggal 23 September 2016. 
  15. ↑ "Population and Employment". General Statistics Office Of Vietnam. 13 November 2010. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 13 November 2010. 
  16. ↑ "平成29年度末在留外国人確定値" (PDF) (dalam bahasa Jepang). Ministry of Justice. 2018-04-13. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2018-03-27. Diakses tanggal 2018-04-13.  [paralu sumber labiah rancak]
  17. ↑ "Población china en Venezuela". January 2019. Diakses tanggal 7 January 2019. 
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  19. ↑ "archive copy". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-11-05. Diakses tanggal 2020-01-14. 
  20. ↑ Park, Yoon Jung (2009). Recent Chinese Migrations to South Africa – New Intersections of Race, Class and Ethnicity. Interdisciplinary Perspectives. ISBN 978-1-904710-81-3. http://www.inter-disciplinary.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/rei-v1.3b.pdf. Diakses pado 20 September 2010. 
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  23. ↑ Dari 710.000 warganagara Cino nan iduik di Korea taun 2016, 500.000 adolah etnis Korea.
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  25. ↑ "Chinese living in Kingdom more than doubles since '17". 2018-09-14. Diakses tanggal 15 September 2018. 
  26. ↑ "Cifras de Población a 1 de enero de 2016 : Estadística de Migraciones 2015 : Adquisiciones de Nacionalidad Española de Residentes 2015" (PDF). Ine.es (dalam bahasa Spanyol). Diakses tanggal 12 December 2017. 
  27. ↑ "2013 New Zealand Census". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal March 15, 2019. Diakses tanggal May 13, 2018. 
  28. ↑ [1] Archived December 4, 2008, di Wayback Machine.
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  30. ↑ "Chinese-Mexicans celebrate repatriation to Mexico". The San Diego Union-Tribune. Nov 23, 2012. Diakses tanggal Oct 8, 2017. 
  31. ↑ "X Censo Nacional de Población y VI de Vivienda 2011, Características Sociales y Demográficas" (PDF). National Institute of Statistics and Census of Costa Rica. July 2012. hlm. 61. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 19 June 2018. Diakses tanggal 22 September 2016. Cuadro 23. Costa Rica: Población total por autoidentificación étnica-racial, según provincia, zona y sexo. Chino(a) 9,170 
  32. ↑ [2] Archived October 16, 2012, di Wayback Machine.
  33. ↑ 2010 Chinese Spiritual Life Survey conducted by Dr. Yang Fenggang, Purdue University's Center on Religion and Chinese Society. Statistics published in: Katharina Wenzel-Teuber, David Strait. People's Republic of China: Religions and Churches Statistical Overview 2011 Archived 2016-03-03 di Wayback Machine.. Religions & Christianity in Today's China, Vol. II, 2012, No. 3, pp. 29–54, ISSN 2192-9289.
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  49. ↑ Siska, Veronika; Jones, Eppie Ruth; Jeon, Sungwon; Bhak, Youngjune; Kim, Hak-Min; Cho, Yun Sung; Kim, Hyunho; Lee, Kyusang; Veselovskaya, Elizaveta; Balueva, Tatiana; Gallego-Llorente, Marcos; Hofreiter, Michael; Bradley, Daniel G.; Eriksson, Anders; Pinhasi, Ron; Bhak, Jong; Manica, Andrea (2017). "Genome-wide data from two early Neolithic East Asian individuals dating to 7700 years ago" (PDF). Science Advances (dipublikasikan tanggal February 1, 2017). 3 (2): e1601877. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601877. PMC 5287702  . PMID 28164156. 
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  51. ↑ Wang, Yuchen; Lu Dongsheng; Chung Yeun-Jun; Xu Shuhua (2018). "Genetic structure, divergence and admixture of Han Chinese, Japanese and Korean populations" (PDF). Hereditas. 155: 19. doi:10.1186/s41065-018-0057-5. PMC 5889524  . PMID 29636655. 
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  54. ↑ Zhang, Feng; Su, Bing; Zhang, Ya-ping; Jin, Li (February 22, 2007). "Genetic Studies of Human Diversity in East Asia". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 362 (1482): 987–996. doi:10.1098/rstb.2007.2028. PMC 2435565  . PMID 17317646. 
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  72. ↑ Li, Xiaobing (2012). China at War: An Encyclopedia: An Encyclopedia. Pentagon Press (dipublikasikan 30 Juni 2012). p. 155. ISBN 978-81-8274-611-4. 
  73. ↑ Schaefer (2008), hlm. 279.
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