Sahabaik Nabi
Sahabaik Nabi (bahaso Arab: صحابة النبي, shahabah an-nabi, bantuak tungga: صحابي, shahabi), adolah urang-urang nan panah basuo lansuang jo Nabi Muhammad SAW, picayo kapado nan baliau ajaan, sarato maningga tatap dalam kaadaan baagamo Islam.[1][2][3][4][5] Para ulama indak sapakaik bara jumalah Sahabaik Nabi saluruahnyo; sungguahpun ado babarapo ulama, antaro lain Ibnu Hajar al-'Asqalani, nan mampakiroannyo mancapai labiah dari 100.000 urang.[6][7]
Paran suntiang
Para Sahabaik Nabi baparan sabana gadang dalam mambantu Rasulullah managakan jo manyebaan agamo Islam.[3] Allah SWT bahkan manyabuik mareka, kusuihnyo kaum-kaum Muhajirin, Anshar, jo Bai'at ar-Ridwan, dalam surah-surah Al-Fath, At-Taubah, Al-Hasyr, dan Al-Hajj.[3] Golongan Sahabaik juo bajaso sabagai nan patamo nan maapa Kuraan, sarato manyampaian babagai Sunnah Nabi kapado kaum Muslimin satalahnyo.[3]
Kaedah utamo dalam ilimu hadis adolah indak maambiak kecek salain dari para Sahabaik Nabi untuak dasar-dasar dalam baagamo.[3] Sia sajo parawi nan bukan golongan Sahabaik aruih manyandaan hadisnyo kapado Sahabaik tatantu, jo wajik manjalehan sacaro basambuang dari sia sajo hadis ko lah disampaian inggo ka tingkek Sahabaik.[3]
Tingkatan suntiang
Ulama-ulama nan takamudian mambagi para Sahabaik jadi babarapo tingkatan, di antaronyo Hakim an-Nisaburi nan mambaginyo sabagai barikuik:[2][8]
- Ampek urang Khulafah ar-Rasyidin (Abu Bakar, Umar, Utsman, Ali) sarato siso dari sapuluah urang nan dijamin masuak sarugo (Zubair, Abu Ubaidah, Abdurrahman bin Auf, Thalhah, Said bin Abi Waqqas, Said bin Zaid)
- Mareka nan masuak Islam sabalun Umar dan batamu sacaro rasio di Bait al-Arqam
- Mareka nan hijrah ka Habasyah
- Kaum Anshar nan maambiak Bai'at al-Aqabah nan patamo
- Kaum Anshar nan maambiak Bai'at al-Aqabah nan kaduo
- Kaum Muhajirin nan hijrah jo Nabi sabalun baliau pindah ka Madinah dari Quba
- Sahabaik nan batumpua dalam Parang Badar
- Mareka nan hijrah antaro Parang Badar jo Pajanjian Hudaibiyah
- Sahabaik nan maambiak Bai'at ar-Ridwan di Hudaibiyah
- Mareka nan masuak Islam sarato hijrah ka Madinah sasudah Pajanjian Hudaibiyah
- Mareka nan masuak Islam satalah Fathu Makkah
- Anak-anak nan panah basuo jo Nabi di mano sajo dan kapan sajo satalah Fathu Makkah
Caliak pulo suntiang
Rujuakan suntiang
- ↑ Kitab Al-Ishabah fi Tamyiz ash-Shahabah, karya Ibnu Hajar al-'Asqalani, hal. 101.
- ↑ a b Ali Unal (2008). The Qur'an with Annotated Interpretation in Modern English (edisi ke-cetak ulang, beranotasi). Tughra Books. p. 413. ISBN 1597841447, 9781597841443. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=ZsJK_tPzh7YC&pg=PA413&dq=Twelve+Ranks+of+the+Companions&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjIlaO3iZ3LAhWDWY4KHTwhCXIQuwUIJjAB#v=onepage&q=Twelve%20Ranks%20of%20the%20Companions&f=false.
- ↑ a b c d e f Al-Qaradhawi, Yusuf (Dr.) (1995). Fatwa-Fatwa Kontemporer 2. Gema Insani. p. 49-50. ISBN 9795613324, 9789795613329. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=MzSEVApTyBMC&pg=PA49&dq=definisi+sahabat+nabi&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwieq5eogLHOAhWIu48KHfrqB14QuwUIHDAA#v=onepage&q=definisi%20sahabat%20nabi&f=false.
- ↑ Amin, Kamarunddin (Dr. Phil. M.A.) (2009). Metode Kritik Hadis. Hikmah. p. 66. ISBN 9791142637, 9789791142632. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=MECr3Gxzr3wC&pg=PA66&dq=definisi+sahabat+nabi&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi768Kcg7HOAhUBpo8KHQkYDY84ChC7BQgcMAA#v=onepage&q=definisi%20sahabat%20nabi&f=false.
- ↑ Rizqi, Abu Ali. Parameter Islam. Guepedia. p. 145. ISBN 602631993X, 9786026319937. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=Q6a_DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA180&dq=definisi+sahabat+nabi&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwieq5eogLHOAhWIu48KHfrqB14QuwUIJzAC#v=onepage&q=definisi%20sahabat%20nabi&f=false.
- ↑ Fitzpatrick, Coeli; Walker, Adam Hani (2014). Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God (edisi ke-berilustrasi). ABC-CLIO. p. 103. ISBN 1610691784, 9781610691789. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=2AtvBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA103&dq=prophet+companions+more+than+100+thousand&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjh9_KPuLHOAhWMs48KHSpuARwQ6AEIIDAB#v=onepage&q=prophet%20companions%20more%20than%20100%20thousand&f=false.
- ↑ Sadr, Seyed Kazem (2016). The Economic System of the Early Islamic Period: Institutions and Policies (edisi ke-berilustrasi). Springer. p. 40. ISBN 1137507330, 9781137507334. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=ql5BDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA40&dq=prophet+companions+more+than+100+thousand&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjh9_KPuLHOAhWMs48KHSpuARwQuwUINDAD#v=onepage&q=prophet%20companions%20more%20than%20100%20thousand&f=false.
- ↑ Fethullah Gülen (2000). The Messenger of God Muhammad: An Analysis of the Prophet's Life (edisi ke-berilustrasi, cetak ulang, direvisi). Tughra Books. p. 370. ISBN 1932099832, 9781932099836. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=C75RN7Smxy0C&pg=PA370&dq=Twelve+Ranks+of+the+Companions&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjIlaO3iZ3LAhWDWY4KHTwhCXIQuwUILjAC#v=onepage&q=Twelve%20Ranks%20of%20the%20Companions&f=false.
Bahan bacoan suntiang
- Ibnu Sa'ad al-Baghdadi, Muhammad – The book of The Major Classes, only partially translated into English; see Men of Medina and Women of Medina published by Ta-Ha Publishers, and first two volumes as published by Kitab Bhavan, New Delhi.
- Wilferd Madelung – The Succession to Muhammad, Cambridge University Press, 1997.
- Maxime Rodinson – Muhammad, 1961, as translated into English and published in 1980 by Pantheon Books.
- William Montgomery Watt – Muhammad at Medina, Oxford University Press 1956.
Pautan lua suntiang
- (Indonesia) Sahabat Nabi nan Terkemuka Archived 2007-08-10 di Wayback Machine..
- (Inggirih) Islamic Glossary tamasuak nama-nama sahabat.
- (Inggirih) Sahabat Nabi, definisi, status dan tingkatan Archived 2007-03-11 di Wayback Machine..
- (Inggirih) Companions of the Prophet, biografi 7 urang Sahabat Nabi.
- Reality of Abu Bakr and Umar
- Sahaba: Companions of the Prophet
- Male Companions of the Prophet
- Describes the Sunni perspective Archived 2021-05-04 di Wayback Machine.
- Describes the Shia perspective
- Innovation with regards to the Shari`i Penalty of Cursing Sahaba by "Sipah-e-Sahaba"
- Sermons of the Commander of the Faithful, Imam Ali b. Abi Talib, from Nahj al-Balaghah