Pabedaan antaro revisi dari "Tomé Pires"

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
typo
k translating using AWB
 
Barih 1:
'''Tomé Pires''' (1465?&#x2013ndash;1524 atau 1540)<ref name="madureira 150 150">Madureira, 150&#x2013;151.</ref>&nbsp;adolah surang apoteker&nbsp;abaik ka-16 dari Lisbon, Portugis&nbsp;nan antaro 1512 inggo 1515 tingga di&nbsp;Malaka&nbsp;indak lamo sasudah kota ko ditaklukan Portugis, yaituiyolah pado maso banso Eropa baru mulai datang ka [[Asia Tenggara]]. Satalah malalui pangalaman nan sarik di&nbsp;India dan&nbsp;Hindia Timua, inyo kudian mamimpin kadutaan rasmi patamo banso Eropa di Cino (ateh namo&nbsp;[[Portugis]]&nbsp;kapado Kaisar Zhengde&nbsp;dari Cino, pado maso Dinasti Ming), inggo wafaiknyo.
 
Pires adolah apoteker anak buah Afonso, Putra Mahkota Portugis&nbsp;nan banasik malang, yaituiyolah anak&nbsp;Rajo Joao II dari Portugis. Pires pai ka India pado 1511, diangkek sabagai "pamareso ubek-ubek" (''feitor das drogarias''),<ref>(Pires 1990:xi)</ref>&nbsp;yaitu komoditas TimuaTimur nan adolah salah satu elemen pantiang dari nan umumnyo disabuik sabagai "padagangan rampah-rampah". Di Malaka jo&nbsp;Cochin&nbsp;inyo takun mangumpuaan dan mancataik informasi manganai wilayah&nbsp;[[Urang Malayu|Malay]]<nowiki/>a-[[Indonesia]], dan pai bakunjuang ka&nbsp;[[Jawa]], [[Sumatera]] (kini duo pulau utamo Indonesia moderen) sarato&nbsp;[[Kapulauan Maluku|Maluku]].
 
== ''Suma Oriental'' ==
Dari babagai pajalanannyo di wilayah Malaya-Indonesia, inyo manulih buku tanamo tantang padagangan Asia, bajudua&nbsp;''Suma Oriental que trata do Mar Roxo até aos Chins'' ('Karingkasan&nbsp;tantang Timua, dari Lauik Sirah inggo ka urang Cino'). Inyo manulih buku tu di&nbsp;Malaka dan India antaro 1512 dan 1515, nan salasai sabalun kamatian Afonso de Albuquerque (Desember 1515).<ref>This is inferred from the tenor of his references to Albuquerque (Pires 1990:lxiii).</ref>
 
Buku tu marupoan gambaran patamo urang Eropa tantang Malaya, sarato gambaran tatuo dan paliang langkok tantang TimuaTimur Portugis. Isinyo adolah kumpulan babagai informasi: sijarah, geografi, etnografi, tumbuah-tumbuahan, ekonomi, padagangan, jll., tamasuak pitih logam, ukuran barek jo timbangan. Pires taliti manyalidiki katapatan infomasi nan didapeknyo dari satiok saudaga, palauik, jo lainnyo nan basobok jo nyo. Pandangannyo taliek agak diskriminatif, walaupun ditulihnyo dalam bantuak prosa tasirek,<ref>"His style is far from clear," his modern editor has noted (Pires 1990:lxxiii) "and no doubt it often becomes more confused, owing to the transcriber's mistakes."</ref>&nbsp;akan tatapi labaih elok daripado sado panulih Portugis lainyo di maso tu. Buku ko, nan ditulih sabagai laporan kapado Manuel dari Portugal&nbsp;dan kamungkinan untuak mamanuhi tugeh nan dibarikan sabalun maninggaan&nbsp;Lisbon,<ref>Armando Cortesão, introduction to Pires 1990:lxxiii</ref>&nbsp;dianggok sabagai salah satu sumber tangan patamo nan paliang taliti tantang geografi dan padagangan di Hindia maso tu, sarato tamasuak salah satu sumber kontemporer paliang pantiang manganai Islam di Indonesia. Sungguahpun indak dianggok bana-bana lapeh dari kaindak-akuratan dalam detilnyo, apo nan tatulih cukuik konsisten jo bukti-bukti di maso tu dan indak ado panyatoan nan sacaro fundamental kaliru manganai wilayah nan disabuikan. Buku ko cukuik dapek dibandiangan mutunyo jo sumber lain nan labiah tamusaua<ref>Barbosa's work was translated into Spanish and Italian and published several times in the sixteenth century.</ref>&nbsp;yaitu buku karya&nbsp;Duarte Barbosa,&nbsp;sarato karya&nbsp;Garcia de Orta&nbsp;di kudian ari.
 
''Suma Oriental'', nan indak ditabikan<ref>An excerpt was published anonymously by Giovanni Battista Ramusio</ref>&nbsp;dan dianggok ilang inggo ditamuan dalam arsip taun 1944, mamuek juo tulisan patamo manganai '[[Kapulauan Maluku|kapulauan rampah-rampah]]', nan salah satunyo adolah&nbsp;Banda di&nbsp;[[Kapulauan Maluku|Maluku]],<ref>{{Cite book|last=Muller|first=Karl|authorlink=|editor=Pickell, David|title=Maluku: Indonesian Spice Islands|publisher=Periplus Editions|year=1997|location=Singapore|pages=86|url=|doi=|isbn=962-593-176-7}}</ref>&nbsp;nan mambuek banso Eropa tapikek untuak datang ka Indonesia. Detil isinyo&nbsp;"indak talampaui, dalam banyak hal, salamo labieh dari satu inggo duo abaik," damikian manuruik panyuntiang moderennyo, Armando Cortesão.<ref>Armando Cortesão, introduction to Pires 1990:xix.</ref> ''Suma Oriental''&nbsp;diwakili dek sabuah manuskrip nan daulu lamo ilang di Paris. Ado pulo ditamuan ampek surek nan ditulih Pires, saratorujuakan nan tapisah-pisah tantangnyo dari tokoh nan sajaman, di antaronyo dalam surek dari Albuquerque kapado rajo, tangga 30 Nopember 1513.
 
Pires manyabuik babarapo namo kota di Tamil, [[Sarilangka|Sarilangko]]&nbsp;nan dikunjuanginyo dalam pajalanannyo di dalam manuskripnyo, antaro lain Kali, Nigumbo, Celabão, dan&nbsp;Tenavarque, yaituiyolah tampek komplek kuil tanamo Tenavarai.
 
== Misi kadutaan 1516 ka Cino ==
Barih 28:
 
=== Bahan bacoan ===
* Luis Madureira. "Tropical Sex Fantasies and the Ambassador's Other Death: The Difference in Portuguese Colonialism," ''Cultural Critique'' (Number 28; Fall of 1994): 149&#x2013ndash;173.
* Muller, Karl, and David Pickell (eds) (1997). ''Maluku: Indonesian Spice Islands.'' (Singapore: Periplus Editions), p.&nbsp;86.
* (Pires 1990) Armando Cortesão, ''The 'Suma Oriental' of Tomé Pires: An Account of the East, from the Red Sea to China,'' 2 vols., (1944) 1990. ([https://books.google.com/books?id=h82D-Y0E3TwC A 2005 reprint of this book] on Google Books)
Barih 43:
* {{Cite book|title=Title Letters from Portuguese captives in Canton, written in 1534 & 1536: with an introduction on Portuguese intercourse with China in the first half of the sixteenth century|publisher=Educ. Steam Press, Byculla|year=1902|editor=Donald Ferguson|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=4njUAAAAMAAJ&dq=mandaris&q=mandaris#v=snippet&q=mandaris&f=false}}horizontal tab character in <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#x7C;title=</code> at position 6 (help) - letters from the survivors of the Pires' embassy, imprisoned in Canton. According to Cortesão's later research, the letters were actually written in 1524.
 
[[Kategori: Lahia 1468]]
[[Kategori: Kamatian 1540]]
[[Kategori: Panulih Portugis]]
[[Kategori: Patualang Portugis]]