Revisi pado 15 April 2016 08.50 suntiang Algazel (rundiang \| jariah) 420 suntingan k →‎Geologi: kameh ← Revisi sabalunnyo		Revisi pado 15 April 2016 08.51 suntiang batal Algazel (rundiang \| jariah) 420 suntingan k →‎Geologi: k Revisi salanjuiknyo →
Barih 38: Kompleks [[kaldera]] Toba di [[Sumatra Utara]] dibantuak dek ampek kawah gunuang barapi tatindiah nan babatehan jo "barisan gunuang barapi" Sumatra. Kaldera nan paliang mudo jo nan kaampek marupoan kaldera [[Kuartener]] nan tagadang di dunia ({{convert\|100\|by\|30\|km\|abbr=on}}) jo maminteh katigo-tigo kaldera nan labiah tuo. Labiah kurang {{convert\|2800\|km3\|abbr=on}} barang piroklas ''[[dense-rock equivalent]]'', (disabuik ''[[tuff]]'') tamudo Toba, dilapehan wakatu latuihan gunuang barapi tagadang dalam sijarah geologi nan tadakek. Sudah erupsi iko, sabuah kubah ~~nan~~ timbua baliak dalam kaldera baru, dangan manyambuang duo kubah separa nan dipisah dek sabuah [[terban]] (''graben'') longitudinal.<ref name=chesner1991>{{Cite journal\|url=http://www.geo.mtu.edu/~raman/papers/ChesnerGeology.pdf\|author1=Chesner, C.A. \|author2=Westgate, J.A. \|author3=Rose, W.I. \|author4=Drake, R. \|author5=Deino, A. \|journal=Geology \|volume=19 \|issue=3 \|pages=200–203 \|title=Eruptive history of Earth's largest Quaternary caldera (Toba, Indonesia) clarified \|publisher=Michigan Technological University \|date=March 1991 \|accessdate=2008-08-23 \|bibcode=1991Geo....19..200C \|doi=10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<0200:EHOESL>2.3.CO;2}}</ref> {{clr}} {{wide image\|Lake Toba banner.jpg\|1000px\|Pamandangan panorama Danau Toba\|left}}

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